Higher modified frailty index score is associated with 30-day postoperative complications following revision total shoulder arthroplasty

Abstract

Background Previous studies have shown that increased 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) scores are associated with poor surgical outcomes. This study seeks to determine whether the comorbidities comprising the mFI-5 were correlated with poor outcomes following revision total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Methods Utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, a mFI-5 score was calculated for all patients 50 years and older who underwent revision TSA between 2013 and 2019. Pearson's Chi-squared tests and multivariable regression analysis were used to evaluate the association of the mFI score with various postoperative complications. Results Patients with a mFI-5 score of 2+ had significantly increased risk of readmission (OR 2.58), bleeding requiring transfusion (OR 3.66), extended length of stay (OR 2.43), and discharge to a non-home destination (OR 3.22) compared to patients with a mFI-5 score of 0. Relative to patients with a score of 1, those with a mFI-5 score of 2+ had an increased risk of postoperative transfusion (OR 2.46), extended length of stay (OR 2.16), and discharge to a non-home location (OR 2.84). Discussion The mFI-5 is a valuable tool that can stratify patients based on risk for postoperative complications following revision TSA.