Abstract
The association between specific fish intake and colorectal cancer risk remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the association between specific fish intake and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population in a large case control study. During July 2010 to November 2014, 1189 eligible colorectal cancer cases and 1189 frequency-matched controls (age and sex) completed in-person interviews. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake. Multivariate logistical regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) after adjusting for various confounders. A strong inverse association was found between freshwater fish intake and colorectal cancer risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile intake showed a risk reduction of 53% (OR 0.47, 95% CI = 0.36–0.60, Ptrend < 0.01) after adjustment for various confounders. The inverse association were also observed for sea fish (OR 0.79, 95%CI = 0.62–0.99, Ptrend < 0.01) and fresh fish (OR 0.49, 95%CI = 0.38–0.62, Ptrend < 0.01). No statistically significant association was found between dried/salted fish and shellfish intake and colorectal cancer risk. These results indicate that higher consumption of freshwater fish, sea fish and fresh fish is associated with a lower risk of colorectal caner.
Highlights
Though many studies have evaluated the effect of fish intake on colorectal cancer, most have been conducted in the United States or Europe
22 prospective cohort and 19 case-control studies found that fish consumption decreased the risk of colorectal cancer[7]
The results showed that higher intake of fresh fish including freshwater fish and sea fish was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer
Summary
Though many studies have evaluated the effect of fish intake on colorectal cancer, most have been conducted in the United States or Europe. Previous studies abroad just focus on the association between total fish intake and colorectal cancer, but not to carry out in-depth study of the different types of fish. Different types of fish contain different nutrients[12], which may play different roles in the relationship with colorectal cancer. We performed a case control study on the association between different types of fish and colorectal cancer risk in Guangdong, a coastal province in the southern part of China. The valid dietary assessment as well as the large sample size provided us an opportunity to examine the association between fish and risk of colorectal cancer according to sex, anatomic site of tumor and sort of fish
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