Abstract
BackgroundObesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are public health concerns in Mexico of top-level priority due to their high prevalence and their growth rate in recent decades. The accumulation of adipose tissue leads to an unbalanced release of pro-oxidant factors, which causes cellular damage and favors the development of comorbidities. Recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress also promotes the accumulation of adipose tissue and the development of insulin resistance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between usual intake of antioxidant nutrients, specifically vitamins A, C, E and magnesium with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and serum glucose concentrations in a representative sample of Mexican adults.MethodologyWe analyzed data on diet, BMI, WC and serum glucose from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Analysis included 20- to 65-year-old adults without a known diagnosis of DM (n = 1573). Dietary information was obtained using the five-step multiple-pass method developed by the United States Department of Agriculture and adapted to the Mexican context. Nutrient usual intake distributions were estimated using the Iowa State University method, through the “Software for Intake Distribution Estimation” (PC-Side) v.1.02. Associations were analyzed using multivariate regression models.ResultsHigher dietary magnesium intake was associated with lower markers of adiposity, so that an increase in 10 mg per 1000 kcal/day of magnesium was associated with an average decrease in BMI of 0.72% (95% CI: -1.36, − 0.08) and 0.49 cm (95% CI: -0.92, − 0.07) of WC. Additionally, in women with normal glucose concentrations, an increase in magnesium intake was associated with an average decrease in serum glucose by 0.59% (95% CI: -1.08, − 0.09).ConclusionThe results suggest that magnesium intake is associated with lower BMI, WC and serum glucose in Mexican population. However, more studies are required to elucidate the nature of this association.
Highlights
Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are public health concerns in Mexico of top-level priority due to their high prevalence and their growth rate in recent decades
The results suggest that magnesium intake is associated with lower body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and serum glucose in Mexican population
Our study sample included 1573 subjects, 46% male and 54% female, who together represent more than 37.5 million Mexican adults between the ages of 20 to 65 years
Summary
Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are public health concerns in Mexico of top-level priority due to their high prevalence and their growth rate in recent decades. The accumulation of adipose tissue leads to an unbalanced release of pro-oxidant factors, which causes cellular damage and favors the development of comorbidities. Recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress promotes the accumulation of adipose tissue and the development of insulin resistance. The accumulation of adipose tissue favors the presence of systemic oxidative stress (OS), which can be a trigger for the development of alterations in glucose metabolism [4,5,6,7,8]. Recent evidence suggests that this mechanism may occur inversely, where OS can favor the accumulation of adipose tissue. OS causes a disruption in the production of cytokines [4], which together with a high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreases glucose uptake in muscular and adipose tissue [6, 7] and decreases insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells [8]
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