Higher derivative f(R) gravity models for an accelerating universe

Abstract

In modified gravity, we investigate the universe’s accelerating expansion in a vacuum. We obtain a highly nonlinear differential equation from the variation of Einstein–Hilbert action with the consideration of a Robertson–Walker metric. Because the differential equations have non-analytic solutions, the expansion phase of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe is studied using numerical approaches. We analyzed the acceleration phases of the cosmos for different periods, cosmic jerk and snap parameters, and their dependencies on the initial values and coupling parameters involved in various [Formula: see text] gravity models. Using a parametric technique, we also give the values of the jerk and snap parameters in different accelerating stages of the universe. Finally, the behavior of the dark energy component is addressed for [Formula: see text] models.