Higher Body Mass Index Is Associated With Lower Risk of Prostate Cancer Detection Via Multi (≥12)-Core Prostate Biopsy in Korean Men

Abstract

To investigate the potential effect of body mass index (BMI) on prostate cancer detection among Korean men who underwent prostate biopsy via contemporary multi (≥ 12)-core approach. We reviewed records of 3113 Korean men who underwent initial multi (≥ 12)-core prostate biopsy at our institution. Variables including age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), digital rectal exam (DRE) finding, prostate volume, and biopsy outcomes were analyzed with respect to BMI. Multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis was applied to examine the association between BMI and detection of prostate cancer (or high-grade diseases) on prostate biopsy, adjusting for age, prostate volume, PSA, and DRE finding. Among 3113 subjects, BMI was ≥ 30 kg/m(2) in only 45 (1.4%). Overall, 1071 (34.4%) patients had a positive biopsy. In multivariate analysis incorporating variables of age, BMI, PSA, DRE finding, and prostate volume, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) was significantly associated with lower odds of prostate cancer detection via biopsy among our subjects (odds ratio = 0.76, P = .002). Also, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) was significantly associated with lower rate of high-grade (Gleason score ≥ 4 + 3) diseases detected from biopsy, also after multivariate adjustment (odds ratio = 0.69, P = .007). Higher BMI was associated with lower risk of detection of prostate cancer, including high-grade cancer, among Korean men who are generally leaner than Westerners, undergoing contemporary multicore prostate biopsy, independent of patient age, PSA, DRE finding, and prostate volume.