Abstract
A Major challenge facing the particle physicists who are hoping to build the next generation of electron-positron colliders is to focus the beams. Very small beams are needed to ensure that the luminosity – the number of collisions per cm2 per second – is large enough to study the behaviour of particles at energies of 500 GeV and higher. A significant step forward was taken in August 1993 when an international collaboration added a 360 m long focusing beamline to the 3 km linear accelerator at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in California. This new beamline, known as the Final Focus Test Beam (FFTB), was used to demagnify a 46.6 GeV electron beam by a factor of 320 (V Balakin et al. 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 2479). The beam was only 72 nm high –the existing Stanford Linear Collider uses electron and positron beams that are some seven times higher – and 1.7 μm wide.
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