High-accuracy real-time omnidirectional 3D scanning and inspection system

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging technology has been widely applied in various fields, such as intelligent manufacturing, online inspection, reverse engineering, cultural relic protection, etc. In this work, we present a high-accuracy real-time omnidirectional 3D scanning and inspection system based on fringe projection profilometry. Firstly, a multi-camera system based on geometric constraints is constructed to perform stereo phase unfolding without additional auxiliary projection images to ensure high-accuracy 3D data acquisition in real time. Then, we propose a rapid 3D point cloud registration approach combining simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) with iterative closest point (ICP) techniques to achieve alignment of point cloud slices with accuracy of up to 100 microns. Finally, a cycle-positioning-based registration scheme is developed to allow for real-time 360 degree 3D surface defect inspection. The experimental results show that our system is capable of real-time omnidirectional 3D modelling and real-time 360° defect detection.