Abstract
When Robert Koch published his groundbreaking paper on the aetiology of tuberculosis (TB) in 1882, he reported that about a third of the working population died of TB [1]. World TB Day today should remind us not only about the first identification of the tubercle bacillus but also that the main burden of the TB epidemic has shifted from Europe to other regions in the world. The 329,391 reported TB cases in the WHO European Region in 2009 contribute only 5.6% of all newly detected TB cases and relapses in the world, according to the latest report Tuberculosis surveillance in Europe 2009, jointly published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe [2]. Furthermore a sustained decline in TB can be noted with a mean annual reduction of 3.8% between 2005 and 2009, mainly attributable to the highand intermediate-burden countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EAA).
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