Abstract
Aim: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common chronic glomerulonephritis. Its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. We thus explored the immune repertoire of the B-cell receptor (BCR) and the heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) in renal tissue and peripheral blood of IgAN patients. Method: Total RNAs extracted from renal tissues and peripheral blood of patients and peripheral blood of healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed via high-throughput multiplex PCR sequencing. We amplified and sequenced BCR heavy-chain CDR3 regions to explore repertoire diversity, V/J gene family distribution, CDR3 lengths, BCR heavy-chain variants, consistency between tissue and peripheral blood data, and clones ‘shared’ by these bodily compartments. Results: We identified the renal tissue and peripheral blood BCR heavy-chain CDR3 immune repertoires of 15 IgAN patients. Top1 could be more readily cloned from peripheral blood of patients than from controls (P<0.05), the average CDR3 length was significantly shorter in patients than in HCs (P<0.05), the variant frequency of the gene encoding the BCR heavy chain was higher in patients than in HCs (P<0.05), and the BCR variant frequency was highest in IgAN kidney tissue. Preliminary screening for ‘shared’ clones showed that, in at least 13 patients, the ‘ALYFHNSAY’, ‘ARWGPMYYYMDV’, ‘ARDQGALNA’, and ‘ARVDNPADF’ CDR3 sequences were evident in peripheral blood samples from patients, but not HCs. Conclusions: We found that the ‘ALYFHNSAY’, ‘ARWGPMYYYMDV’, ‘ARDQGALNA’, and ‘ARVDNPADF’ clonal sequences may be useful for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment planning in IgAN.
Highlights
Received: March 2019Revised: August 2019Accepted: 12 September 2019Accepted Manuscript Online: Version of Record published: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was first described by Berger in 1968, the condition is known as Berger’s disease
Top1 could be more readily cloned from peripheral blood of patients than from controls (P
Detection of BCR heavy-chain CDR3 genes expressed in IgAN patients and HCs
Summary
Accepted Manuscript Online: Version of Record published: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was first described by Berger in 1968, the condition is known as Berger’s disease. IgAN is one of the most common forms of chronic glomerulonephritis, accounting for primary disease in 45%; 5–20% and 30-40% of IgAN developing in 10 and 20 years before end-stage renal failure (ESRD). The diagnosis, etiology, and pathogenesis of IgAN remain unclear, serum. IgA levels are high in IgAN patients. The pathological characteristics of IgAN include glomerular deposition of IgA or IgA-based immunoglobulins, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix accumulation. During IgAN onset and progression, removal of glycosylated IgA1 from blood triggers the expression of glycan-specific IgG and IgA autoantibodies, stimulates antigen–antibody reactions, causes immune complexes to be deposited in the kidney, and induces nephritis [1].
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