Abstract
Microfluidic techniques are effective tools for precise manipulation of particles and cells, whose enrichment and separation is crucial for a wide range of applications in biology, medicine, and chemistry. Recently, lateral particle migration induced by the intrinsic hydrodynamic effects in microchannels, such as inertia and elasticity, has shown its promise for high-throughput and label-free particle manipulation. The particle migration can be engineered to realize the controllable focusing and separation of particles based on a difference in size. The widespread use of inertial and viscoelastic microfluidics depends on the understanding of hydrodynamic effects on particle motion. This review will summarize the progress in the fundamental mechanisms and key applications of inertial and viscoelastic particle manipulation.
Highlights
Cells, bacteria, virus, and biomacromolecules are particles with sizes ranging from tens of micrometers to tens of nanometers (Figure 1)
The purity and retrieval of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) could be affected by the significant variation of the presence of specific biomarkers such as epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) on CTC surface, even for the same tumor type [6,7]
The inertial microfluidics is discussed in detail, with techniques based on particle’s cross-stream migration caused by hydrodynamic lift forces
Summary
Bacteria, virus, and biomacromolecules are particles with sizes ranging from tens of micrometers to tens of nanometers (Figure 1). Isolate cells and particles based on their physical properties, such as size, shape, deformability, In addition to the immunocapture-based techniques, researchers have tried to enrich and isolate density, compressibility, charge, polarizability, and magnetic susceptibility. In this we will focus discussing the recent innovations for the hydrodynamic briefly describe thereview, techniques based onon particle’s following streamlines at low Reynolds number manipulation of particles. The inertial microfluidics is discussed in detail, with techniques based on particle’s cross-stream migration caused by hydrodynamic lift forces. Examples of specific microfluidic devices will be described and organized regarding in high-throughput particle manipulation.
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