High-Throughput 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Screening for the Identification and Quantification of Heartwood Diterpenic Acids in Four Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) Marginal Provenances in Greece.

Kostas Ioannidis,Prokopios Magiatis,Eleni Melliou

doi:10.3390/molecules24193603

Kostas Ioannidis, Prokopios Magiatis + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193603

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Abstract

A high-throughput quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 1H-NMR method was developed and applied to screen the quantity of the diterpenic resin acids in the heartwood of black pine, due to the renewed scientific interest in their medicinal properties and use in various diseases treatment. The 260 samples were taken from Pinus nigra clones, selected from four provenances of the Peloponnese (Greece), participating in a 35-year-old clonal seed orchard. Total resin acids per dry heartwood weight (dhw) varied greatly, ranging from 30.05 to 424.70 mg/gdhw (average 219.98 mg/gdhw). Abietic was the predominant acid (76.77 mg/gdhw), followed by palustric acid (47.94 mg/gdhw), neoabietic acid (39.34 mg/gdhw), and pimaric acid (22.54 mg/gdhw). Dehydroabietic acid was at moderate levels (11.69 mg/gdhw), while levopimaric, isopimaric, and sandaracopimaric acids were in lower concentrations. The resin acid fraction accounted for 72.33% of the total acetone extractives. Stilbenes were presented in significant quantities (19.70%). The resin acid content was composed mainly of the abietane type resin acids (83.56%). Peloponnesian Pinus nigra heartwood was found to be the richest source of resin acids identified to date and is considered the best natural source for the production of such bioactive extracts. The results indicate a high potential for effective selection and advanced breeding of pharmaceutical and high economic value bioactive substances from Pinus nigra clones.

Highlights

IntroductionIn Greece, as well as in other European countries, black pine constitutes extensive natural forests
In Greece, as well as in other European countries, black pine constitutes extensive natural forests.Due to its advantages, it is considered one of the most important silvicultural coniferous species and it is extensively used in reforestation programs throughout the country [1]
The current study aimed to demonstrate that 1 H-NMR spectroscopy can be effectively used for

Summary

Introduction

In Greece, as well as in other European countries, black pine constitutes extensive natural forests. It is considered one of the most important silvicultural coniferous species and it is extensively used in reforestation programs throughout the country [1]. Its importance is verified by its potential use for the production of high added value products, i.e., bioactive compounds produced from wood and wood waste materials [2,3]. Such bioactive substances are, inter alia, the resin acids occurring in pine’s oleoresin.

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