Abstract
Sulfur Recirculation is a novel technique for reducing the high temperature corrosion and dioxin formation in Waste-to-Energy plants by recirculating sulfur from the wet flue gas cleaning back to the boiler. This is achieved by separating SO<sub>2</sub> from the flue gas in a wet scrubber downstream of a HCl scrubber. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> dosed into the scrubber reacts with SO<sub>2</sub> in the gas and produces a 15-25wt% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solution, which is injected into the boiler producing SO<sub>2</sub>, thus creating a sulfur loop. The first permanent full-scale installation has been in operation in one of the two commercial full-scale Waste-to Energy boilers at Maabjerg Energy Center (MEC) in Denmark since October 2016. The recirculated sulfur increased the gas concentration of SO<sub>2</sub> by a factor of 2-3 in the boiler, thereby enhancing the sulfation of corrosive alkali chlorides to non-corrosive alkali sulfates. The chlorine content of the superheater deposits decreased by 85%, and the super¬heater corrosion rate decreased by 40-90% during the first year of operation. The dioxin concentrations upstream of the dioxin removal system decreased by 75% and the dioxin emissions decreased by 72% with Sulfur Recirculation in operation. Furthermore, the sulfate containing effluent water was almost eliminated due to the increased sulfation of the ashes and deposits.
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