Abstract
Regular sunflower oil is rich in linoleic acid. To improve its properties for different applications several genotypes with modified fatty acid compositions have been developed. Amongst them, the most remarkable have been high oleic and high stearic types. High stearic sunflower lines reported to date have been produced by traditional methods of breeding and mutagenesis. The mutations affected the expression of enzymes responsible for stearate desaturation in developing seeds. This trait has been combined with standard and high oleic backgrounds, giving high stearic lines with high contents of linoleic or oleic acids and thus different physical properties, increasing their functionality and potential applications. Nevertheless, for applications requiring plastic or confectionery fats, the oils have to be fractionated to obtain derived fats and butters with higher levels of solids. In the present review we present recent advances for the above mentioned topics related to high stearic sunflower oils.
Highlights
Vegetable oils are an important source of lipids for the human diet, providing important nutrients like tocopherols and other fat-soluble vitamins (Subar et al, 1998; FAO/WHO, 2002)
High stearic sunflower lines reported to date have been produced by traditional methods of breeding and mutagenesis
In the present review we present recent advances for the above mentioned topics related to high stearic sunflower oils
Summary
Vegetable oils are an important source of lipids for the human diet, providing important nutrients like tocopherols and other fat-soluble vitamins (Subar et al, 1998; FAO/WHO, 2002). Regular sunflower oil is rich in linoleic and oleic fatty acids, the relative proportions of which change with growing location and temperatures (Salas et al, 2015). The oxidative performance of regular sunflower oil is clearly surpassed by high oleic sunflower, which was developed from a mutant found and reported by Soldatov (1976). This mutant displays a much higher content of oleic acid, which ranges from 70 to 90% at the expense of linoleic acid. Modifications of the initial phenotype have emerged, such as mid-oleic or Nusun sunflower oils (Kleingartner, 2002)
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