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Abstract
Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) operating at 1310 nm and 1550 nm are very promising sources for access and interconnections in telecommunication systems due to their technologically attractive properties such as low threshold currents and narrow spectral linewidth due to single mode operation. VCSELs are also being rapidly commercialized for single-mode fibre metropolitan area and wide area network applications. All these advantages leads to cost-effective wavelength-tunable lasers, which are essential for the future intelligent, all-optical networks. Direct modulation (DM) of VCSEL with separate optical and current apertures enables high modulation bandwidth operating at single mode at low current density. However, dispersion and attenuation is a major hurdle to VCSELs transmission at bit rate of 10 Gb/s and above. In this study, a 1310 and 1550 nm VCSELs were directly modulated with 10 Gb/s NRZ PRBS 2<sup>7</sup>-1 and transmitted over 25 km ITU. T G.652 and ITU. T G.655 fibres and optimized for metro-access distances. A low dispersion penalty was realized when a 1550 nm VCSEL was used on a G.655 fibre and when a 1310 nm source was transmitted over a G.652 fibre. The transmission system has been analyzed on the basis of different parameters, which are (Bit error rate) BER, Quality (Q) factor and Output power.
Highlights
Fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and played a major role in the advent of the Information Age [1]
In single mode fibre (SMF), the performance is primarily limited by chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD), CD occurs because of the wavelength dependency of refractive index of fibre and the fibre has some inherent properties like birefringence that lead to PMD
When a 1310 nm Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) was used, the signal was transmitted over error free region with 25 km G. 652 fibre
Summary
Fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and played a major role in the advent of the Information Age [1]. Dispersion and other non-linearity’s of optical fibres hindered ultra-long distance transmission and high bit rate transmission [2]. Dispersion limits the information carrying capacity at high transmission speeds, reduces the effective bandwidth and increases the bit error rate (BER) [3]. With the explosive growth in demand for capacity in national, regional, and even metropolitan optical networks, high bit rate fibre transmission have recently become an essential part of state-of-the-art communications. Increase in threshold current increases the temperature contributing to a reduction in gain These effects cause the output power and the resonance frequency to saturate at a certain current level called the thermal rollover current [10]. In DM, the light is emitted from a semiconductor laser when a ‘mark’ is transmitted In this modulation format, Radio Frequency (RF) signal is directly applied to the laser. Where; Rs is the series resistance, VT is the diodes thermal voltage and Is is diodes saturation currents
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