Abstract
High load wheel-rail friction leads to surface defects on the rail, which requires an accuracy non-destructive testing (NDT) technology to prevent rail fracture and even major safety accidents. Alternating current field measurement (ACFM) has attracted attention due to its high detection precision and low sensitivity of lift-off and velocity effects. The paper proposes a multi-frequency, three-dimensional (3D) ACFM detection system that can obtain abundant detection information for multi-frequency comprehensive evaluation to improve detection accuracy. The system mainly includes an expandable phase-locked amplifier module and an adjustable multi-frequency signal source module, which provides a hardware IQ demodulation acceleration platform for multi-frequency and multi-channel ACFM detection to obtain enough defect signals for analysis. Analysis of the speed effect indicates that increasing the excitation frequency can improve the stability of the detection signal. We design a quantitative evaluation model for defects with a depth of 2–8 mm and surface angle between 30° and 75°.
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