Abstract
Optical pulses are fundamentally defined by their temporal and spectral properties. The ability to control pulse properties allows practitioners to efficiently leverage them for advanced metrology, high speed optical communications and attosecond science. Here, we report 11× temporal compression of 5.8 ps pulses to 0.55 ps using a low power of 13.3 W. The result is accompanied by a significant increase in the pulse peak power by 9.4×. These results represent the strongest temporal compression demonstrated to date on a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) chip. In addition, we report the first demonstration of on-chip spectral compression, 3.0× spectral compression of 480 fs pulses, importantly while preserving the pulse energy. The strong compression achieved at low powers harnesses advanced on-chip device design, and the strong nonlinear properties of backend-CMOS compatible ultra-silicon-rich nitride, which possesses absence of two-photon absorption and 500× larger nonlinear parameter than in stoichiometric silicon nitride waveguides. The demonstrated work introduces an important new paradigm for spectro-temporal compression of optical pulses toward turn-key, on-chip integrated systems for all-optical pulse control.
Highlights
The ability to control an optical pulse’s temporal and spectral properties is an important function
The nonlinear stage is composed of a ultra-silicon-rich nitride (USRN) waveguide with a length, width, and height of 5.5 mm, 450 nm, and 330 nm, respectively and SiO2
Self-phase modulation imposes a frequency chirp, where newly generated frequencies vary with time (Just after nonlinear stage (NS))
Summary
The ability to control an optical pulse’s temporal and spectral properties is an important function. Temporal compression of pulses impacts the capacity of optical information systems[1,2], the resolution of metrology tools[3] and bioimaging techniques[4,5], while spectral compression provides design degrees of freedom for high brightness spectroscopy[6] and augmented control in all-optical signal processing[7]. Temporal compression may be achieved using systems that separate the nonlinear and dispersive stages For the latter, dispersive effects are concentrated in a strongly dispersive device, similar to those used for chirped pulse amplification systems[18,19], or dispersion compensation in lightwave communication systems[20,21].
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