Abstract
The selective elimination of long-lived radioactive actinides from complicated solutions is crucial for pollution management of the environment. Knowledge about the species, structures and interaction mechanism of actinides at solid–water interfaces is helpful to understand and to evaluate physicochemical behavior in the natural environment. In this review, we summarize recent works about the sorption and interaction mechanism of actinides (using U, Np, Pu, Cm and Am as representative actinides) on natural clay minerals and man-made nanomaterials. The species and microstructures of actinides on solid particles were investigated by advanced spectroscopy techniques and computational theoretical calculations. The reduction and solidification of actinides on solid particles is the most effective way to immobilize actinides in the natural environment. The contents of this review may be helpful in evaluating the migration of actinides in near-field nuclear waste repositories and the mobilization properties of radionuclides in the environment.
Highlights
InteractionWe summarize recent works about Interfaces the surface interaction of actinides
Radionuclides, especially radioactive actinides, are the major radioactive nuclides in nuclear waste, which can be a serious threat to human health if they are released into the natural environment and accumulate in living organisms
The retention of Np(V) by siderite (an Fe(II) carbonate mineral, which is relevant to near-field high-level nuclear waste repositories) was studied under anoxic conditions and the Np(V) sorption samples were measured by X-ray absorption fluorescence spectroscopy (XAFS) (Figure 5) [33]
Summary
We summarize recent works about Interfaces the surface interaction of actinides. Of the most important radionuclides, uranium is inevitably released into the man-made. Advanced spectroscopy techniques such as time-resolved lase natural environment during mining process and treatment of spent nuclear fuel. The fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) and X-ray absorption fluorescence spectroscopy sorption water is important and for nuclear (XAFS) of areuranium applied from to understand the interaction ofenvironmental, actinides at solid–water interfaces. Theoretical calculation applied to UiO-66 simulateand thefunctionalized interaction of actinides onwith solid carboxyl groups to achieve its mono-carboxyl and di-carboxyl surfaces,functional which is an important method to evaluate the (UiO-66-COOH). Mechanism of Actinides of U(VI) on UiO-66-2COOH achieved >100 mg/g whereas no sorption occurred on UiO-66
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