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Abstract
A simple, compact, and high-sensitivity optical sensor for salinity measurement is reported based on an optical microfiber coil resonator (MCR). The MCR is manufactured by initially wrapping microfiber on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) rod, which is dissolved to leave a hollow cylindrical fluidic channel within the coil for measurement. Based on the light propagation through the MCR, the device's spectrum moves to long wavelengths with increased salinity in the fluid. The MCR device's sensitivity can reach up to 15.587 nm/% with a resolution of 1.28 × 10-3%. It is also confirmed that the temperature dependence is 79.87 pm/°C, which results from the strong thermal-expansion coefficient of the low refractive index epoxy. The experimental results indicate that the device can be widely used as a high sensitivity salinity sensor in water and other liquids due to its stability, compactness, electromagnetic immunity, and high sensitivity.
Highlights
In recent years, salinity sensing has attracted much attention in potential areas ranging from marine monitoring, marine circulation, marine climate and environment protection in oceanography [1,2,3,4]
A salinity sensor based on a novel microfibre coil resonator (MCR) design has been successfully fabricated and demonstrated
The sensor comprises a 4-turns MCR embedded in a fluidic channel of low refractive index epoxy
Summary
Salinity sensing has attracted much attention in potential areas ranging from marine monitoring, marine circulation, marine climate and environment protection in oceanography [1,2,3,4]. Traditional methods of salinity measurement have been based on electronic methods (electrochemical) to detect the existence of chlorine ions of the seawater [5,6] This method is affected greatly from the harsh environment, such as high corrosivity, extreme temperature and strong electromagnetic interference and is not used widely in micro scale due to its large size and complex structure. The resonance wavelength moves towards long wavelengths in the presence of increasing salinity and the device exhibits a high sensitivity of 15.5874 nm/% and a temperature dependence of 0.07987 nm/°C. The latter is present due to the strong thermal-expansion coefficient caused by the low refractive index epoxy. The demonstrated sensor provides a novel method to measure salinity and offers a good reference for salinity measuring for use in other fields, including chemistry and biology
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