Abstract
In recent years, the incidence and the mortality rate of cervical cancer have been gradually increasing, becoming one of the major causes of cancer-related death in women. In particular, patients with advanced and recurrent cervical cancers present a very poor prognosis. In addition, the vast majority of cervical cancer cases are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, of which HPV16 infection is the main cause and squamous cell carcinoma is the main presenting type. In this study, we performed screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GSE6791, constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to screen 34 hub genes, filtered to the remaining 10 genes using the CytoHubba plug-in, and used survival analysis to determine that RPS27A was most associated with the prognosis of cervical cancer patients and has prognostic and predictive value for cervical cancer. The most significant biological functions and pathways of RPS27A enrichment were subsequently investigated with gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and integration of TCGA and GTEx database analyses revealed that RPS27A was significantly expressed in most cancer types. In this study, our analysis revealed that RPS27A can be used as a prognostic biomarker for HPV16 cervical cancer and has biological significance for the growth of cervical cancer cells.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, after breast, colorectal, and lung cancers [1]
In this study, based on the analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we aimed to screen the pivotal genes through the screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the construction of a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, identify the key gene by analyzing the relationship between the high and low expressions of the pivotal genes and the survival of cervical cancer patients, use this key gene to predict the survival of cervical cancer patients, and analyze the main functional pathways of the key gene using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to determine the prognostic biomarkers for cervical cancer caused by HPV16 infection
human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical carcinogenesis, and repeated infections with the same species of HPV genotypes have a synergistic effect in inducing cervical carcinogenesis [22]
Summary
Cervical cancer (cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma, CESC) is the fourth most common cancer in women, after breast, colorectal, and lung cancers [1]. In the last 2 years, the incidence and the mortality of cervical cancer have been increasing globally, with more than 600,000 new cases and nearly 350,000 deaths in 2020 [2, 3]. The age of onset of cervical cancer is “bimodal” and is concentrated in women in their 30s and 40s [4], and about 85% of cervical cancer deaths occur in less developed and developing countries due to medical conditions [5]. Patients with early-stage (IB–IIA) cervical cancer overwhelmingly show a trend of good prognosis after receiving appropriate treatment [6], but the prognosis of patients with advanced and recurrent cervical cancer remains poor [7]. Cervical cancer is metastatic, with the most frequent site being the bone, and the median survival time after diagnosis is only 7–12 months [8].
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