High risk factors analysis of new dysfunction during pediatric intensive care

Abstract

Objective To investigate the high risk factors of new dysfunction in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Methods A retrospective cohort case control analysis was performed in order to investigate the 906 patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2015 to January 2016.Assessment of Functional Status Scale(FSS) was performed at both admission and discharge.According to the new dysfunction diagnostic criteria, all cases were divided into new dysfunction group and control group.The 2 groups were compared in gender, glucocorticoids application time, mechanical ventilation application time, sedation application time, neuromuscular blockers application time, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, leukocyte, hemoglobin and C-reactive protein.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to screen the risk factors leading to new dysfunction.All cases were divided into high risk factors group and control group according to the risk factors.The 2 groups were compared in initial FSS, FSS of discharge, ΔFSS and the discharge FSS of mental status domain, FSS of sensory domain, FSS of communication domain, FSS of motor domain, FSS of feeding domain, and FSS of respiratory domain. Results Among the 906 cases, 547 cases were male and 359 cases were female, and average age was (28.1±1.9) months.There were 81 cases in new dysfunction group and 825 cases in control group.Factors such as mechanical ventilation application time[(3.7±0.5) d vs.(1.1±0.1) d], glucocorticoid application time [ (3.2±0.6) d vs.(1.7±0.1) d], sedation application time[(4.7±0.7) d vs.(1.7±0.1) d], neuromuscular blockers application time [(0.7±0.3) d vs.(0.1±0.03) d], albumin[(35.6±0.8) g/L vs.(40.5±0.2) g/L], creatine kinase isoenzyme [(75.8±12.4) U/L vs.(49.7±2.6) U/L] had significant diffe-rences between the new dysfunction group and the control group(all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that more than 7 days of mechanical ventilation, more than 7 days of glucocorticoids application, more than 7 days of sedation application, hypoalbuminemia were risk factors to develop new dysfunction[OR=0.69 (95% CI: 0.62-0.78), OR=0.62 (95% CI: 0.75-0.94), OR=0.75 (95% CI: 0.68-0.84), OR=0.68 (95% CI: 1.06-1.16), all P<0.05]. In the more than 7 days of mechanical ventilation group, FSS at discharge, FSS of mental status, FSS of sensory, FSS of communication, FSS of motor, FSS of feeding, FSS of respiratory were significantly diffe-rent from those of the mechanical ventilation application time≤7 d group(all P<0.05). In the more than 7 days of glucocorticoids application group, FSS of mental status, FSS of sensory, FSS of communication were significantly different from those of the glucocorticoids application time≤7 d group(all P<0.05). In the more than 7 days of sedation application group, FSS at discharge, FSS of mental status, FSS of sensory, FSS of communication, FSS of motor were significantly different from those of the sedation application time≤7 d group(all P<0.05). Conclusion More than 7 days of mechanical ventilation, glucocorticoids application and sedation application not only increase the incidence of new dysfunction, but also affect mental, sensory, communication, motor function, the muscle and cognitive function at discharge and prognosis. Key words: New morbidity; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit; Intensive Care Unit acquired weakness; Risk factors; Child