Abstract
In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system; then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.
Highlights
In our society, where the economic cost of a structure is clearly of great priority in a project, structure design has become a main factor of attention; with the help of finite element programs which are available nowadays, structure design is a simple task
For the optimisation of the whole, we will select different parameters for each of them; for the raft, the thickness is the optimisation parameter and the main design requirement is the punching shear; for the piles the main optimisation parameter is the piles length and diameter, piles placed under the shear wall, we will consider the possibility of using post grouted, the main design criteria will be the ultimate strength under lateral loads
IBC being the main code that collects the different requirements of other codes, this thesis background of high-rise residential reinforced concrete buildings is it really important to consult the ACI-318, written by American Concrete Institute (ACI), as much as the load code ASCE-07 for further understanding of wind, earthquake and other non-static loads
Summary
This section of the thesis shows the optimisation process of a series of buildings still under construction situated in Yangon region, which is one of the most populated and socio-economically important cities in Myanmar. The buildings to be optimised fit perfectly with the description in the section above: high-rise reinforced concrete buildings with shear wall as lateral resisting system and flat slab as floor system, as the use of piles for the foundation system (Figure 3). High-rise buildings have important lateral force requirements, due to lateral loads such as wind and earthquake. The soil inform shows that Yangon peak ground acceleration (PGA) is 0.11 g to 0.2 g which will give a high requirement in the lateral force aspect of the foundation, and shear wall design. The part of the total deflection occurring after attachment of non-structural elements (sum of the long-term deflection due to all sustained loads and the immediate deflection due to any additional live load)
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