Abstract
Laser diagnostics at the wavelength of 266 nm with a spatial resolution of 5-8 μm were developed for the investigation of dense <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</i> -pinches at the 1-MA generator. The absorption and refraction in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</i> -pinch plasma are significantly smaller at the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength of 266 nm compared to the optical range. This allows for observation of the fine internal structure of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</i> -pinches at the stagnation phase. A UV laser beam penetrates through the trailing plasma around <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</i> -pinches and shows strong instabilities of the dense pinch inside this plasma column. Kink instability, necks, and areas of disruption are seen in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</i> -pinches at the peak of the X-ray pulse and later in time. UV two-frame side-on and end-on shadowgraphy show plasma dynamics in the pinch at stagnation.
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