Abstract
Imaging cellular and extracellular structures and processes in situ and in vivo is highly desired for the understanding and diagnosis of human diseases. High resolution optical coherence tomography (HR-OCT) is particularly suitable for this task because it can provide real-time, 3-D images of a large tissue volume at subcellular resolution. Over the past two decades, tremendous technical advances have been made to tackle the fundamental and practical limitations of HR-OCT for applications in various clinical fields. Meanwhile, novel scientific and clinical applications of HR-OCT have also been proposed and validated. This review aims to provide an update on the progress of technology development, with a focus on axial focus extension, aberration correction, and fiber-optic probe development. This review also aims to summarize the newly established capabilities of HR-OCT in fundamental and clinical research, in an effort to promote multidisciplinary research using this powerful imaging tool.
Highlights
S INCE its first launch in the early 1990s [1], optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been established as a powerful diagnostic imaging tool
It is worth mentioning that full-field approaches, including full-field optical coherence microscopy and full-field optical coherence tomography, which normally capable of achieving 1–2 μm spatial resolution(s) or even higher, are not included in this review unless necessary
Applications of high resolution OCT in respiratory airway imaging have been focused on mucociliary clearance (MCC) and related diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)
Summary
S INCE its first launch in the early 1990s [1], optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been established as a powerful diagnostic imaging tool. OCT provides three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissue microstructures in a non-contact and nondestructive manner. Towards this goal, cellular and subcellular resolution imaging technologies have been developed (Fig. 1), since Fourier domain OCT (FD-OCT) is introduced around 2000. It is worth mentioning that full-field approaches, including full-field optical coherence microscopy and full-field optical coherence tomography, which normally capable of achieving 1–2 μm spatial resolution(s) or even higher, are not included in this review unless necessary
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