Abstract
Experimental high-resolution lattice images of synthetic hydroxyapatite which contain image detail of a 0.20–0.25 nm resolution, are reported in two zone axis directions, 〈010〈 and 〈001〈. Good matches with computed images over a range of crystal thicknesses, defocus conditions and aperture variations were obtained in the 〈010〈 direction, although contrast reversals occurred every 20–30 nm change in defocus conditions. However, the image contrast was very sensitive to the experimental conditions and was difficult to computer-match in the 〈001〈 direction. Images with trigonal symmetry in this direction were observed under certain conditions even though projection of the hydroxyapatite structure, as determined by X-ray structure analysis, should result in hexagonal symmetry. This may be due to surface effects, local crystal-structural defects or to structural transformation arising from electron beam damage.
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