Abstract
A 16-year-old, castrated, male English cocker spaniel dog was presented due to generalized alopecia. Routine clinical pathology, endocrine and abdominal ultrasonography results were consistent with a diagnosis of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The adenohypophyseal lesion was clearly visualized on both 3 T and 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland. Although biochemical and MRI findings were consistent with a functional pituitary microtumor, a pituitary lesion was not detected using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). This report firstly describes the application of high-resolution FDG-PET to a spontaneous pituitary microtumor in a dog.
Highlights
Hyperadrenocorticism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs, whose primary causes are pituitary and adrenocortical tumors [1, 2]
And bilateral enlarged adrenal glands of relatively equal size were identified on abdominal radiographs and ultrasonography, respectively. Because these findings suggested hyperadrenocorticism, an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test and a high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) were performed
The normal pituitary gland has a rapid contrast enhancement due to the lack of a blood–brain barrier, signal intensity of a pituitary tumor is usually low after the injection of the contrast media [14, 15]
Summary
Hyperadrenocorticism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs, whose primary causes are pituitary and adrenocortical tumors [1, 2]. MRI with high-field strength (1.5 to 3 T) is considered to be the most sensitive imaging modality for the detection of pituitary microtumors [9]. Previous studies demonstrated that FDG-PET has the potential to provide valuable clinical information in the assessment of pituitary microtumors, especially in difficult cases of biochemically confirmed PDH when other MRI studies are negative or questionable [10, 12, 13].
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