High Resolution Detection, Estimation and Location Using GTF DoA Method for Smart Antenna System

Abstract

Accommodating multiple users within the limited available bandwidth and providing the same Quality of Service (QoS) to all the users is a challenging task. Channel capacity can be increased by using the Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA) technique. Smart Antenna Systems are used to implement the SDMA technique in Real-Time and it also helps in finding the high-resolution Direction of Arrival (DoA) detection of the desired mobile users. In this paper novel Gaussian Triangular Factor (GTF) method is proposed for the detection of the desired mobile users from the 3-D spatial domain. This method is based on vector subspaces, which perform the triangular decomposition of the entire Eigenspace into the Lower Element Factor (LEF) and Upper Element Factor (UEF). These are then supplied for the computation of the power spectrum where peaks represent the detected locations of the desired mobile users in the 3-D spatial field. The proposed method was able to detect all the desired users, which were spaced nearer or far apart spatially, it provided high-quality detection regardless of the number of antenna elements used at the Base Station (BS). The GTF Method was able to detect all the desired users under the presence of heavy noise, fading, and interference. It was able to suppress the side lobes, back lobes, and grating lobes thus immensely improving the detection quality, detection range, system power consumption, detection efficiency, and effectiveness. The proposed GTF method was compared with several existing methods and it provided the best results for different performance parameters like Detection Error, Resolution, Time Complexity, and Disturbance Error.