Abstract
Introduction: The temporal bone is a complex anatomic structure that contains the organs of hearing and balance and has direct contact with brainstem, cerebellum and temporal lobe of brain. Radiographic assessment of temporal bone is difficult owing to complicated anatomical structure of middle and inner ear. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) - a modification of routine CT produces images with higher contrast and a better spatial resolution. HRCT has the advantage of topographic visualization, devoid of artifacts from superimposition of structures. It provides information not only about bony outline but also soft tissue changes making it possible for the accurate assessment of pathology prior to surgical exploration regarding location, extent and complication of the disease. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study of 50 patients who were clinically suspected of having symptoms related to the temporal bone like hearing loss, otorrhea, otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, ear bleed, cranial nerve palsies, fever, ataxia etc were referred and subjected to HRCT of the temporal bone at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital (Udaipur) between Nov 2017 and June 2019. Results: CSOM and Cholesteatoma were the most common diseases found by HRCT and Intra-op/Follow-up scan followed by Fractures, acoustic neuroma, Glomus tympanicum and Atretic EAC. Almost all the lesions were correctly detected by HRCT when confirmed with Intra-op/follow up findings. Conclusion: HRCT can very accurately detect Temporal bone pathology. Keywords: HRCT, CSOM, CT
Highlights
Introduction: The temporal bone is a complex anatomic structure that contains the organs of hearing and balance and has direct contact with brainstem, cerebellum and temporal lobe of brain
CSOM and Cholesteatoma were the most common diseases found by High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and Intra-op/Follow-up scan followed by Fractures, acoustic neuroma, Glomus tympanicum and Atretic EAC
Selection of patients: Patients who were clinically suspected of having symptoms related to the temporal bone like hearing loss, otorrhea, otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, ear bleed, cranial nerve palsies, fever, ataxia etc were referred and subjected to HRCT of the temporal bone and correlation is done with surgical findings wherever performed
Summary
The temporal bone is a complex anatomic structure that contains the organs of hearing and balance and has direct contact with brainstem, cerebellum and temporal lobe of brain. HRCT has the advantage of topographic visualization, devoid of artifacts from superimposition of structures It provides information about bony outline and soft tissue changes making it possible for the accurate assessment of pathology prior to surgical exploration regarding location, extent and complication of the disease. HRCT has revolutionized the method of imaging the temporal bone with its special algorithms and multiplanar reformats It gives minute structural details of complex anatomy of temporal bone which consist of tiny structures like ear ossicles, cochlea and semi-circular canals - organs of hearing and balance. Middle cranial fossa and posterior cranial fossa with its important brain structures are located anterior and posterior to temporal fossa respectively These fine details help us to localise the disease, its extent, bony erosion or destruction and intracranial complications precisely. Routine and contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scores over HRCT in the evaluation of middle ear soft tissue; in most instances, it acts as a step for confirmation and further characterization
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