Abstract
Crack-free binary SiOx:TiOy composite films with the refractive index of ~1.94 at wavelength 632.8 nm were fabricated on soda-lime glass substrates, using the sol–gel method and dip-coating technique. With the use of transmission spectrophotometry and Tauc method, the energy of the optical band gap of 3.6 eV and 4.0 eV were determined for indirect and direct optical allowed transitions, respectively. Using the reflectance spectrophotometry method, optical homogeneity of SiOx:TiOy composite films was confirmed. The complex refractive index determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry confirmed good transmission properties of the developed SiOx:TiOy films in the Vis-NIR spectral range. The surface morphology of the SiOx:TiOy films by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods demonstrated their high smoothness, with the root mean square roughness at the level of ~0.15 nm. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the chemical properties of the SiOx:TiOy material. The developed binary composite films SiOx:TiOy demonstrate good waveguide properties, for which optical losses of 1.1 dB/cm and 2.7 dB/cm were determined, for fundamental TM0 and TE0 modes, respectively.
Highlights
Thin film technologies have played a key role in the development of microelectronics, and they play the same role in optoelectronics
We present the results of our research on SiOx :TiOy composite films with even higher refractive indexes (n~1.94 at wavelength 632.8 nm), fabricated by the sol–gel method and dipcoating technique
Silica–titania (SiOx :TiOy ) waveguide films were prepared via the sol–gel method and dip-coating technique, which was described in Section 2.1 and was presented in Figures 1 and 2
Summary
Thin film technologies have played a key role in the development of microelectronics, and they play the same role in optoelectronics. The subject of this work involves composite films SiOx :TiOy of high refractive index, fabricated by the sol–gel method and dip-coating technique. We present the results of our research on SiOx :TiOy composite films with even higher refractive indexes (n~1.94 at wavelength 632.8 nm), fabricated by the sol–gel method and dipcoating technique. The optical properties of the SiOx :TiOy composite waveguide films presented here were investigated using spectrophotometric and ellipsometric methods. We present the research results involving waveguide properties of the developed SiOx :TiOy composite films.
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