Abstract
We demonstrate the beneficial effects of introducing glide symmetry in a two-dimensional periodic structure. Specifically, we investigate dielectric parallel plate waveguides periodically loaded with Jerusalem cross slots in three configurations: conventional, mirror- and glide-symmetric. Out of these three configurations, it is demonstrated that the glide-symmetric structure is the least dispersive and has the most isotropic response. Furthermore, the glide-symmetric structure provides the highest effective refractive index, which enables the realization of a broader range of electromagnetic devices. To illustrate the potential of this glide-symmetric unit cell, a Maxwell fish-eye lens is designed to operate at 5 GHz. The lens is manufactured in printed circuit board technology. Simulations and measurements are in good agreement and a measured peak transmission coefficient of −0.5 dB is achieved.
Highlights
A periodic structure is said to possess a higher symmetry if it has an additional geometrical symmetry beyond its translational symmetry
Higher symmetries in one dimensional periodic structures were extensively studied for electromagnetic purposes in the 1960s and 1970s [1,2,3,4,5]
We have studied the effect of applying glide symmetry to a 2D periodic structure
Summary
A periodic structure is said to possess a higher symmetry if it has an additional geometrical symmetry beyond its translational symmetry. The recent studies demonstrate that higher symmetries provide an additional degree of freedom to control the wave propagation in periodic structures [11,14,19,21,22,23,24,25], which enables the design of novel millimeter wave devices; such as lenses [26,27,28], filters [29,30], phase shifters [31,32,33], polarizers [34,35,36,37] and low-cost efficient high-frequency waveguides and antennas [38,39,40,41]. A prototype of the lens is constructed in order to corroborate the simulations
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