Abstract
A series of novel lead-free energy storage ceramics, (0.67-x)BiFeO3-0.33BaTiO3-xBaBi2Nb2O9 (BF-BT-xBBN), were fabricated by traditional solid-state reaction, where bismuth layer-structured BaBiNb2O9 was incorporated into perovskite-structured BiFeO3–BaTiO3 ceramic as an additive. The addition of BaBi2Nb2O9 increased the relaxor behavior and breakdown strength of BF-BT ceramics due to the formation of polar nanoregionals (PNRs), inducing enhanced energy storage performance. The composite ceramics, with x = 0.08, showed a large recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 3.08 J/cm3 and an outstanding energy storage efficiency (η) of 85.57% under an applied electric field of 230 kV/cm. Moreover, the composite ceramics exhibited excellent thermal stability and high stability toward different frequencies in a temperature range of 20–100 °C and a frequency range of 0.1–1500 Hz. These results demonstrate great potential of novel BF-BT-xBBN composite ceramics for next-generation energy storage applications.
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