Abstract
Disorders which raise the first suspicion of HIV infection are frequently found in the head and neck region. Symptoms in this region most often occur in CDC group IV and thus represent clinical signs of an advanced immunodeficiency. In addition to hyperplasia of the lymphatic tissue and rare tumours, the affected individuals most frequently show opportunistic infections. This study also demonstrates that common infectious diseases are distributed almost evenly in all CDC stages, compared to specific infections and tumours, which are seen more often in the course of late HIV disease. Typical HIV associated diseases of the head and neck are KS, NHL, HL, BLC and facial palsies. Family doctors and ENT specialists therefore have to be aware of typical disorders associated with immunodeficiency. Taking adequate precautions, the head and neck surgeon has to take biopsies to differentiate between tumours (KS, NHL) and other hyperplastic (lymphatic hyperplasia) or ulcerous (herpesvirus induced) manifestations.
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