Abstract
This research investigated the spatial association between socioenvironmental factors and gastroschisis in Brazilian triple side border. A geographic analysis for gastroschisis prevalence was performed considering census sector units using Global Moran Index, Local Indicator of Spatial Association Analysis and Getis Ord statistics. Sociodemographic factors included rate of adolescent and parturients over 35 years; population with no income and above 5 minimum wages; rate of late prenatal; and proximity to power transmission lines. Logistic regression models were applied to verify the association between socio-environmental factors and prevalence of gastroschisis. No global spatial correlation was observed in the distribution of gastroschisis (Moran´s I = 0.006; p = 0.319). However, multiple logistic regression showed census sectors with positive cases had higher probability to power transmission lines proximity (OR 3,47; CI 95% 1,11-10,79; p = 0,031). Yet, spatial scan statistic showed low risk for gastroschisis in southern city region (OR = 0; p = 0.035) in opposite to power transmission lines location. The study design does not allow us to attest the causality between power transmission lines and gastroschisis but these findings support the potential exposure risk of pregnant to electromagnetic fields.
Highlights
Gastroschisis is a birth defect characterized by abnormal abdominal wall closure with externalization of intra-abdominal structures
A total of 15 gastroschisis cases were recorded to 26,182 births from 2012 to 2017 in Foz do Iguassu
It is observed that Power Transmission Lines (PTL) is located in the northern region
Summary
Gastroschisis is a birth defect characterized by abnormal abdominal wall closure with externalization of intra-abdominal structures. The defect is located in the paraumbilical region most common in the right side [1]. Cases of gastroschisis have increase worldwide from 1/50,000 live births up to 20-fold in recent decades [2]. Reduced maternal age is the only risk factor but an increase in all age groups has been observed. The prevalence of gastroschisis may vary according to socioeconomic status, race, access to health services, nutrition, lifestyle and maternal education [3]. These determining factors can be addressed by preconception health care and early diagnosis
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