Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence of extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in fecal samples recovered from rural and urban healthy dogs in Northwest Spain (Galicia) to identify potential high-risk clones and to molecularly characterize positive isolates regarding the genes coding for ESBL/pAmpC resistance and virulence. Thirty-five (19.6%) out of 179 dogs were positive for cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (39 and three isolates, respectively). All the isolates were multidrug resistant, with high rates of resistance to different drugs, including ciprofloxacin (71.4%). A wide diversity of ESBL/pAmpC enzymes, as well as E. coli phylogroups (A, B1, C, D, E, F and clade I) were found. The eight isolates (20.5%) found to conform to the ExPEC status, belonged to clones O1:H45-clade I-ST770 (CH11-552), O18:H11-A-ST93-CC168 (CH11-neg), O23:H16-B1-ST453-CC86 (CH6-31), and O83:H42-F-ST1485-CC648 (CH231-58), with the latter also complying the uropathogenic (UPEC) status. The three K. pneumoniae recovered produced CTX-M-15 and belonged to the ST307, a clone previously reported in human clinical isolates. Our study highlights the potential role of both rural and urban dogs as a reservoir of high-risk Enterobacteriaceae clones, such as the CC648 of E. coli and antimicrobial resistance traits. Within a One-Health approach, their surveillance should be a priority in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.
Highlights
The increase of antibiotic resistance represents a global threat to human and animal health, being that therapeutic options to combat infections have drastically reduced in recent years [1,2]
Enterobacteriaceae family, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are currently among the most important clinical burdens for human and animal health, since they have developed resistance against antibiotics regarded as the last line of defense against MDR bacteria [1]
E. coli can act as a pathogen causing a wide range of infections from enteric to extraintestinal diseases, which defines the two main pathogenic categories: diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic
Summary
The increase of antibiotic resistance represents a global threat to human and animal health, being that therapeutic options to combat infections have drastically reduced in recent years [1,2]. Within the Enterobacteriaceae family, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are currently among the most important clinical burdens for human and animal health, since they have developed resistance against antibiotics regarded as the last line of defense against MDR bacteria [1]. E. coli is a common member of the intestinal microbiota of humans and other mammals, including dogs. E. coli (ExPEC) [3,4]. ExPEC include a heterogeneous group defined by isolation from locations outside the intestinal tract with no set of genes able to unequivocally distinguish them from commensal
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