Abstract
X-ray crystallography is a powerful tool for the high resolution structural study of biomacromolecules. One of the most important beneficial feature of the method is the possibility of the direct observation of hydration water structure. In recent years, significant development in high-pressure macromolecular crystallography (HPMX) using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) has been performed in combination with shorter wavelength X-ray of synchrotron radiation. The number of protein structures determined by HPMX at pressure ranging from several hundred MPa to 1 GPa is gradually growing. In this chapter, we describe DAC with its usage, and then an example of HPMX study on hydration structure of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH).
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