Abstract
Glass flexural resonators have established themselves as one of the de-facto standard methods for measuring the density of liquids in a laboratory environment. The core of this sensor is a U-Tube measuring cell whose oscillator’s resonance frequency changes with the mass of the liquid within the tube. This relationship can be used to derive the density of liquids in a fast and reliable way. In order to achieve the highest accuracy for the density measurement multiple physical effects (e.g., damping due to viscosity effects) need to be taken into account. For a reliable correction, additional measurements are required. The pulsed excitation method is able to produce these additional parameters along with a superior measurement performance compared to previous techniques.
Highlights
Densitometers based on U-tube sensors [1] are used in a multitude of applications
The pulsed excitation method was successfully implemented in the latest generation of densitometers [8,9,10]
For the measurements referenced in this paper the raw period and Q-Factor data have been extracted from a prototype of the Anton Paar DMA 5001 density device
Summary
Densitometers based on U-tube sensors [1] are used in a multitude of applications. These include but are not limited to monitoring the seawater properties for means of climate monitoring [2], flow metering and fluid custody transfer [3], as well as for accurate modelling of industrial processes [4].For efficient design of chemical processes, and calculations for flow conditions and hydrostatic stress, liquid density data is required. Densitometers based on U-tube sensors [1] are used in a multitude of applications. These include but are not limited to monitoring the seawater properties for means of climate monitoring [2], flow metering and fluid custody transfer [3], as well as for accurate modelling of industrial processes [4]. While many methods for measuring the fluid density are known, they are often time consuming. The liquid under test changes the mass of the system and the resonance frequency of the glass tube. Since the volume of the glass tube is kept constant, there is a direct relationship between the measured resonance frequency and the density of the liquid. The benefits are lower sample volume, reduced handling impact for better reproducibility, and improved compensation of temperature related effects
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