Abstract
Mid-infrared ultrafast fiber lasers are valuable for various applications, including chemical and biomedical sensing, material processing and military applications. Here, we report all-fiber high-power graphene mode-locked Tm/Ho co-doped fiber laser at long wavelength with evanescent field interaction. Ultrafast pulses up to 7.8 MHz are generated at a center wavelength of 1879.4 nm, with a pulse width of 4.7 ps. A graphene absorber integrated with a side-polished fiber can increase the damage threshold significantly. Harmonics mode-locking can be obtained till to the 21th harmonics at a pump power of above 500 mW. By using one stage amplifier in the anomalous dispersion regime, the laser can be amplified up to 450 mW and the narrowest pulse duration of 1.4 ps can be obtained simultaneously. Our work paves the way to graphene Tm/Ho co-doped mode-locked all-fiber master oscillator power amplifiers as potentially efficient and economic laser sources for high-power laser applications, such as special material processing and nonlinear optical studies.
Highlights
Long-wavelength (> 1.55 μ m) ultrafast lasers can potentially be applied in various applications, such as free-space optical communication due to atmospheric transparency window, molecular spectroscopy, medical diagnostics, laser surgery, long-range radar, and gas detection[1]
CVD grown single layer graphene (SLG) (~20 × 20 mm[2], Graphene Supermarket) is transferred onto a side-polished fiber embedded in a glass plate by a modified transfer process
As-fabricated SLG on the copper is spin-coated with poly (PMMA, average MW~996000 by GPC, Sigma Aldrich, dissolved in chlorobenzene with a concentration of 50 mg/mL), which is cured at 110 °C for 10 min
Summary
Long-wavelength (> 1.55 μ m) ultrafast lasers can potentially be applied in various applications, such as free-space optical communication due to atmospheric transparency window, molecular spectroscopy, medical diagnostics, laser surgery, long-range radar, and gas detection[1]. High pulse energy Tm/Ho-co-doped fiber laser has been demonstrated[39]. We utilize the side-polished fiber together with graphene grown by CVD method to achieve mode locking in a Tm/Ho co-doped ring fiber laser.
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