Abstract
Aims Talin-1 is a cytoskeletal protein that binds integrin, thereby leading to integrin activation and affecting focal adhesions. Recently, talin-1 expression was reported to be downregulated in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, blood levels of soluble talin-1 (sTalin-1) in patients with atherosclerotic disease, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), have not been elucidated. Methods We measured plasma sTalin-1 levels in 349 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was represented as the number of stenotic coronary vessels and segments. Results Of the 349 study patients, CAD was found in 194 patients, of whom 88 had 1-vessel disease (1-VD), 60 had 2-vessel disease (2-VD), and 46 had 3-vessel disease (3-VD). Plasma sTalin-1 levels were higher in 194 patients with CAD than in 155 without CAD (CAD(-) group) (median 0.30 vs. 0.23 ng/mL, P < 0.005). A stepwise increase in sTalin-1 levels was found depending on the number of >50% stenotic coronary vessels: 0.23 in CAD(-), 0.29 in 1-VD, 0.30 in 2-VD, and 0.32 ng/mL in 3-VD group, respectively, (P < 0.05). High sTalin-1 level (>0.28 ng/mL) was found in 36% of CAD(-), 51% of 1-VD, 53% of 2-VD, and 59% of 3-VD group (P < 0.025). sTalin-1 levels also correlated with the number of >50% stenotic segments (r = 0.14, P < 0.02). The multivariate analysis revealed that sTalin-1 levels were independently associated with CAD. The odds ratio for CAD was 1.83 (95%CI = 1.14 − 2.93) for high sTalin-1 level (>0.28 ng/mL) (P < 0.02). Conclusions Plasma sTalin-1 levels in patients with CAD were found to be high and to be associated with the presence and severity of CAD, suggesting a role of sTalin-1 in the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Highlights
Focal adhesions are key attachments between the cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are important for maintaining cell integrity and intercellular communication
Among the 349 study patients, coronary artery disease (CAD) was present in 194 patients (56%) (1-vessel disease [1-VD], n = 88; 2-vessel disease [2-VD], n = 60; and 3-vessel disease [3-VD], n = 46)
Plasma sTalin-1 levels were found to be a significant factor associated with CAD independent of atherosclerotic risk factors
Summary
Focal adhesions are key attachments between the cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are important for maintaining cell integrity and intercellular communication. Integrins play a pivotal role in the structural integrity of focal adhesions and in the cell-to-ECM adhesive interactions [1, 2]. Talin-1 is a dimeric cytoskeletal protein that binds integrin β subunits, thereby leading to integrin activation and affecting focal adhesions [2, 3]. Talin-1 is recognized to be a potent integrin activator and to influence the integrin functions, which are associated with cell adhesions, migration, apoptosis, and cytoskeleton remodeling [1, 6]. Talin-1 promotes cell proliferation by activating focal adhesion proteins and by influencing integrin adhesions with cell cycle progression [7]
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