Abstract
High permittivity and breakdown strength are desired to improve the energy storage density of dielectric materials based on reinforced polymer composites. This article presents the synthesis of polythiophene-encapsulated BaTiO3 (BTO-PTh) nanoparticles via an in situ Cu(II)-catalyzed chemical oxidative polymerization of thiophene monomer on hydrothermally obtained tetragonal BTO nanocrystals. The formed core–shell-type BTO-PTh nanoparticles exhibit excellent dielectric properties with high permittivity (25.2) and low loss (0.04) at high frequency (106 Hz). A thick PTh encapsulation layer on the surface of the BTO nanoparticles improves their breakdown strength from 47 to 144 kV/mm and the energy storage density from 0.32 to 2.48 J/cm3. A 7.75-fold increase in the energy storage density of the BTO-PTh nanoparticles is attributed to simultaneously high permittivity and breakdown strength, which are excellent for potential energy storage applications.
Highlights
The fast-paced progress and constantly growing demand of microelectronic devices and energy storage technologies have led to extensive research on the development of new dielectric materials [1,2,3]
The ceramic-based dielectrics are often brittle, and possess low electrical breakdown strength and energy storage density [7], which hampers their practical applications in energy storage devices such as dielectric capacitors
To improve breakdown strength and energy storage density of BTO, we propose the design of polythiophene (PTh)encapsulated BaTiO3 nanoparticles with a 9:1 mass ratio of BTO/PTh, and a facile method for the synthesis of inverted [11] core–shell-type BTO-PTh nanostructures, which yields a uniform PTh coating on the BTO surface
Summary
The fast-paced progress and constantly growing demand of microelectronic devices and energy storage technologies have led to extensive research on the development of new dielectric materials [1,2,3]. This procedure yields a high BTO content in the PTh shell, which results in superior dielectric properties such as high permittivity and low loss, and significantly increases breakdown strength.
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