Abstract
In this paper, we report a facile low-cost synthesis of the graphene-ZnO hybrid nanocomposites for solid-state supercapacitors. Structural analysis revealed a homogeneous distribution of ZnO nanorods that are inserted in graphene nanosheets, forming a sandwiched architecture. The material exhibited a high specific capacitance of 156 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV.s−1. The fabricated solid-state supercapacitor device using these graphene-ZnO hybrid nanocomposites exhibits good supercapacitive performance and long-term cycle stability. The improved supercapacitance property of these materials could be ascribed to the increased conductivity of ZnO and better utilization of graphene. These results demonstrate the potential of the graphene-ZnO hybrid nanocomposites as an electrode in high-performance supercapacitors.
Highlights
As a new class of energy storage device, supercapacitors, known as electrochemical capacitors, has received considerable attention that can be used in hybrid electric vehicles, memory backup, and other emergency power supply devices due to their higher power density, superior cycle lifetime, and low maintenance cost
It is highly desirable to increase the energy density of supercapacitors to approach that of batteries, which could enable their use as primary power sources
The ZnO nanorods with smooth surface and high crystallinity can be observed from Figure 1b
Summary
As a new class of energy storage device, supercapacitors, known as electrochemical capacitors, has received considerable attention that can be used in hybrid electric vehicles, memory backup, and other emergency power supply devices due to their higher power density, superior cycle lifetime, and low maintenance cost. The energy density of supercapacitors is lower than batteries [1,2,3,4,5,6]. It is highly desirable to increase the energy density of supercapacitors to approach that of batteries, which could enable their use as primary power sources. Supercapacitors store electrical energy by two mechanisms [7,8]: electrochemical double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance. Carbon-based materials are widely used in EDLC electrode due to their high surface area and excellent electric conductivity. Compared to EDLCs, pseudocapacitors can provide much higher capacitance and energy density through Faradic reaction [6,7].
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