Abstract
This paper proposes a high-performance and robust linear quadratic regulator-proportional integral derivative (LQR-PID) controller for frequency regulation in a two-area interconnected smart grid with a population of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Controller robustness is achieved using a linear matrix inequality approach. The proposed control framework is tested in a simulated two-area interconnected smart grid integrated with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles under load disturbances and wind power fluctuations. The performance of the proposed controller is simulated using Matlab and compared with that of a conventional linear quadratic regulator controller. Simulation results show that the proposed controller provides reliable smart grid frequency control.
Highlights
From equation (6), we can see that the power from all plugin hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) in each area can compensate for the load disturbance in the grid and reduce frequency fluctuations
An linear quadratic regulator-proportional integral derivative (LQR-PID) controller was developed in this paper for frequency stabilization of a two-area interconnected Smart grids (SGs) system
The simulation and comparative study results demonstrate the superior robustness of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR)-PID controller
Summary
The contribution of this paper is the design of a novel control approach to frequency stabilization in an interconnected power system This control approach is based on a convex optimization technique involving LMI, which can be solved in polynomial time. The goal of designing the proposed controller is to achieve robust performance against various system uncertainties such as variations in system parameters, wind power generation, and load. This proposed control technique ensures robust stability within an uncertain polytypic set. From equation (6), we can see that the power from all PHEVs in each area can compensate for the load disturbance in the grid and reduce frequency fluctuations. The quadratic lyapunov function is the solution of the linear system which ensures the internal stability and provides the desired performance [54]
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