High-performance Ring-LWE Cryptography Scheme for Biometric Data Security

Abstract

The rapid growth of using biometric devices for authentication and the fast development of the quantum computer means stronger and more reliable security services are needed for biometric data protection. This paper presents a novel ring-learning with errors (ring-LWE) cryptography scheme and a post-quantum cryptosystem for biometric data security. By using parallel multiplication and parallel addition in ring-LWE cryptography operations, the total encryption and decryption time can be significantly reduced. As a result, the proposed highperformance ring-LWE cryptography scheme outperforms existing cryptosystems in terms of processing time for text message encryption and decryption. Moreover, compared to the scheme implemented on a central processing unit (CPU), the proposed scheme on a graphics processing unit (GPU) can reduce encryption and decryption times for biometric images by up to 20 times and four times, respectively. A performance analysis of entropy and the similarity of the encrypted image generated by the proposed scheme also demonstrate improvement in the confidentiality of the cipher image, compared to previous works.