Abstract
This study reports on the development of a cementitious composite incorporating electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG). This hybrid functional material features significantly enhanced microstructure and mechanical properties, as well as unaffected workability; thus, it outperforms previously reported cementitious composites containing graphene derivatives. The manufacturing of the composite relies on a simple and efficient method that enables the uniform dispersion of EEG within cement matrix in the absence of surfactants. Different from graphene oxide, EEG is found to not agglomerate in cement alkaline environment, thereby not affecting the fluidity of cementitious composites. The addition of 0.05 wt% graphene content to ordinary Portland cement results in an increase up to 79%, 8%, and 9% for the tensile strength, compressive strength, and Young's modulus, respectively. Remarkably, it is found that the addition of EEG promotes the hydration reaction of both alite and belite, thus leading to the formation of a large fraction of 3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O (C‐S‐H) phase. These findings represent a major step forward toward the practical application of nanomaterials in civil engineering.
Highlights
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not
The oxidation of graphene sheets is unavoidable during anodic electrochemical exfoliation (EE), and it depends on both the exfoliation time and the type of employed electrolyte, which in some cases can prevent extensive oxidation.[45]
Www.advancedscience.com classical EE lasting for 10 min results in ≈10 mg of exfoliated graphene (EEG).[44]
Summary
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. The addition of 0.05 wt% graphene content to ordinary Portland cement results in an increase up to 79%, 8%, and 9% for the tensile strength, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus, respectively. EEG promotes the hydration reaction of both alite and belite, leading to the formation of a large fraction of 3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O (C-S-H) phase. These findings represent a major step forward toward the practical application of nanomaterials in civil engineering. Cement production is an energyintensive process accounting for 7% of
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