High Performance Fibers

Abstract

AbstractThe preparation, processing, and properties of high performance fibers are critically reviewed. The principal classes of high performance fibers discussed are those derived from rigid‐rod polymers, gel spun fibers, modified carbon fibers, carbon‐nanotube fibers, ceramic fibers, and synthetic vitreous fibers. Rigid‐rod polymers are derived from lyotropic liquid crystalline polymers, such as the aramid Kevlar or thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers, such as Vectran. These fibers are generally characterized by remarkable unit tensile strength, modulus, and resistance to heat, flame, and chemical agents that normally degrade conventional fibers. Applications for these fibers are classified by structural aspects of the fiber, yarn, and fabric levels. Diversities in applications include uses in the aerospace, biomedical, civil engineering, construction, protective apparel, geotextile, and electronic areas.