Abstract
The term high-performance concrete (HPC) can be used to classify any concrete mixture that possesses some added value. One such category of concrete is concrete mixtures used in pile foundation, which must only allow a low degree of water separation (bleeding). The basic components of production of these concretes with high utility properties include the usability of active and passive admixtures and their mutual combinations. As part of this research, analysis of aspects affecting water separation from fresh concrete mixture, including dosing, and the type of individual raw materials, was performed. This article aims to utilise these results to analyse the impact of individual components and to provide a comprehensive theory for how to optimise the design of low-bleeding HPC based on the appropriate selection and mixing ratio of cement and admixture. A set of different raw materials and the effect of their mutual mixing ratios on bleeding and other mechanical and physical parameters of produced mixtures were verified. The results of this experiment demonstrate the clear relationship between the amount of binders up to size 0.25 mm and amount of water that separates under pressure. Very important aspect is morphology of grains used binders. These knowledge of realized experiment could be easily applied into the practise, same as designed methodology of usage combination of active and passive admixtures to create a maximum cement matrix compaction.
Highlights
Modern foundations of constructions, especially large industrial and engineering structures, are based on deep pile foundation technology
This water separation is manifested by its ascension to the pile head surface and, in extreme cases, the whole concrete mixture stored in the pile can be degraded
The design of the concrete mixtures was based on the standards for concrete intended for pile foundations in wet environments
Summary
Especially large industrial and engineering structures, are based on deep pile foundation technology. Bored piles are most often used as supports The length of such a pile depends directly on the depth of the bearable subsoil from the working joint, i.e. from the pile head, which further bears the load of other parts of the construction. Concrete used in pile production is generally required to have a high degree of consistency, which, in conjunction with the pressure caused by the weight of the concrete mixture in cases of long pile length, can cause segregation and increased separation of water from the concrete. This water separation is manifested by its ascension to the pile head surface and, in extreme cases, the whole concrete mixture stored in the pile can be degraded
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