Abstract
Bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric ceramics of Na0.5Bi4.5−x (Nd0.5Ce0.5) x Ti4O15 (NBT-x, 0.0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.4) were synthesized by a traditional solid-state reaction. The effect of (Nd,Ce) substitution for A-site on the microstructure and electrical properties of Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 (NBT)-based piezoelectric ceramics was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the (Nd,Ce)-modified NBT ceramics have a pure four-layer Aurivillius type structure. The piezoelectric properties of NBT ceramics were significantly improved by the modification of neodymium and cerium. The Curie temperature T C gradually decreased from 638 °C to 618 °C with increasing the (Nd,Ce) modification. The piezoelectric constant d 33, mechanical quality factor Q m, dielectric loss tanδ and Curie temperature T C of the Na0.5Bi4.3(Nd0.5Ce0.5)0.2Ti4O15 ceramic were found to be 28 pC/N, 3239, 0.0032 and 630 °C, respectively. Thermal annealing studies indicated that the (Nd,Ce)-modified NBT ceramics possess stable piezoelectric properties, demonstrating that the Na0.5Bi4.3(Nd0.5Ce0.5)0.2Ti4O15 ceramic is a promising candidate for high temperature applications.
Highlights
Aurivillius first reported that the family of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSFs) shows interesting physical properties [1,2,3]
The BLSFs have a structure expressed by the general formula of (Bi2O2)2+(Am 1BmO3m+1)2, which consists of pseduo-perovskite (Am 1BmO3m+1)2 layers interleaved with bismuth oxide (Bi2O2)2+ layers along the c-axis
Wang et al [12] reported that the piezoelectric activities and dielectric properties of K0.5La0.5Bi4Ti4O15 (KLBT) ceramics are significantly improved by the cerium modification and the piezoelectric coefficient d33 for the 0.50 wt% CeO2-modified KLBT is 28 pC/N
Summary
Aurivillius first reported that the family of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSFs) shows interesting physical properties [1,2,3]. The density, electrical resistance and piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the intergrowth BLSF compounds Bi7Ti4NbO21 ceramics were improved by Nd addition [17]. Wang et al [12] reported that the piezoelectric activities and dielectric properties of K0.5La0.5Bi4Ti4O15 (KLBT) ceramics are significantly improved by the cerium modification and the piezoelectric coefficient d33 for the 0.50 wt% CeO2-modified KLBT is 28 pC/N. Some researchers found that (Me,Ce) (Me = Na, K) dopants can enhance the piezoelectric activities for even-layer-structured Aurivillius type compounds compared to the pure composition [13,20]. The (Nd,Ce) co-modified NBT BLSFs were fabricated by a traditional solid-state reaction, and their phase, microstructure and electrical properties were investigated in details
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