Abstract
A high-safety and low-cost route is important in the development of sodium-ion batteries, especially for large-scale stationary battery systems. An aqueous sodium-ion battery is demonstrated using a single NASICON-structured Na2VTi(PO4)3 material with the redox couples of V4+/V3+ and Ti4+/Ti3+ working on the cathode and anode, respectively. The symmetric full cell fabricated based on the bi-functional electrode material exhibits a well-defined voltage plateau at ∼1.2 V and an impressive cycling stability with capacity retention of 70% exceeding 1,000 cycles at 10C (1C = 62 mA·g–1). This study provides a feasible strategy for obtaining high-safety and low-cost rechargeable batteries using a single active material in aqueous media.
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