Abstract
This paper presents a new technique for the extraction of high-order wave-damage interaction coefficients (WDIC) through modal decomposition. The frequency and direction dependent complex-valued WDIC are used to model the scattering and mode conversion phenomena of guided wave interaction with damage. These coefficients are extracted from the harmonic analysis of local finite element model (FEM) mesh with non-reflective boundaries (NRB) and they are capable of describing the amplitude and phase of the scattered waves as a function of frequency and direction. To extract the WDIC of each wave mode, all the possible propagating wave modes are considered to be scattered simultaneously from the damage and propagate independently. Formulated in frequency domain, the proposed method is highly efficient, providing an overdetermined equation system for the calculation of mode participation factors, i.e., WDIC of each mode. Case studies in a 6-mm aluminum plate were carried out to validate the WDIC of: (1) a through-thickness hole and (2) a sub-surface crack. At higher frequency, scattered waves of high-order modes will appear and their WDIC can be successfully extracted through the modal decomposition.
Highlights
Guided waves can propagate over a long distance in thin-plate structures, which retains a crucial role in the development of structural health monitoring (SHM) and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) systems using piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Bhuiyan et al [24] extended the harmonic analysis of local finite element model (FEM) to obtain the wave-damage interaction coefficients (WDIC) scatter cubes, which can describe the 3D interaction of guided waves with the damage
The aim of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of employing modal decomposition to extract WDIC of high-order modes
Summary
Guided waves can propagate over a long distance in thin-plate structures, which retains a crucial role in the development of structural health monitoring (SHM) and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) systems using piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Veidt and Ng [19] applied transient FEM analysis to study guided wave scattering due to through-thickness holes in unidirectional, cross-ply and quasi-isotropic laminates. They investigated the influence of the stacking sequence. These time-domain FEM simulations have to be re-run for each test frequency To overcome this problem, Shen and Giurgiutiu [23] proposed a hybrid global-local (HGL) approach for the accurate and efficient simulation of guided wave propagation and interaction with damage in isotropic plates. Bhuiyan et al [24] extended the harmonic analysis of local FEM to obtain the WDIC scatter cubes, which can describe the 3D interaction (frequency, incident direction and azimuth direction) of guided waves with the damage. The case studies were carried out to validate the proposed method for high-order WDIC extraction of a through-thickness hole and a sub-surface crack in a 6-mm aluminum plate
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