Abstract
High order plasmonic Bragg reflection in the metal-insulatormetal (MIM) waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) and its applications are proposed and demonstrated numerically. With the effective index method and the standard transfer matrix method, we reveal that there exist high order plasmonic Bragg reflections in MIM WBG and corresponding Bragg wavelengths can be obtained. Contrary to the high order Bragg wavelengths in the case of the conventional dielectric slab waveguide, the results of the MIM WBG exhibit red shifts of tens of nanometers. We also propose a method to design a MIM WBG to have high order plasmonic Bragg reflection at a desired wavelength. The MIM WBG operating in visible spectral regime, which requires quite accurate fabrication process with grating period of 100 to 200 nm for the fundamental Bragg reflection, can be implemented by using the higher order plasmonic Bragg reflection with grating period of 400 to 600 nm . It is shown that the higher order plasmonic Bragg reflection can be em ployed to implement a narrow reflection bandwidth as well. We also address the dependence of the filling factor upon the bandgap and discuss the quarter-wave stack condition and the second bandgap closing.
Highlights
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are quasi-particles resulting from coupling of electromagnetic waves with oscillations of conduction electrons in a metal and propagate along the interface between a dielectric and a metal
The schematic diagram of a MIM waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) with periodic modulation of the core index is illustrated in Fig. 3. d1 and d2 stand for the lengths of the MIM waveguides with the core indices of εd1 and εd 2, respectively
We revealed that the high order plasmonic Bragg reflection takes places in the MIM WBG and presented a method to find the high order plasmonic Bragg wavelength based on the graphical method
Summary
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are quasi-particles resulting from coupling of electromagnetic waves with oscillations of conduction electrons in a metal and propagate along the interface between a dielectric and a metal. Hosseini and Massoud suggested a low-loss plasmonic Bragg reflector consisting of alternatively stacked MIM waveguides with different dielectric materials [15]. It would be of interest to compare the behavior of the MIM WBG with small index contrast and the higher order plasmonic Bragg reflection. We investigate the high order plasmonic Bragg reflection in the MIM WBG. With the effective index method (EIM) and the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) [20,21,22,23], we examine the reflection from and the transmission through the MIM WBG. We propose a method for designing a MIM WBG with the high order plasmonic Bragg reflection at a required wavelength. We suggest a MIM WBG operating in visible or telecommunication spectral regime with a narrow reflection bandwidth. It can be shown that, when the ratio between the lengths of two different MIM waveguides is inversely proportional to that of the effective refractive index, the second bandgap is closed
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