Abstract
Introduction: An automatic High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane enforcement system is developed and evaluated. Current manual enforcement practices by the police bring about safety concerns and unnecessary traffic delays. Only vehicles with more than five passengers are permitted to use HOV lanes on freeways in Korea. Hence, detecting the number of passengers in HOVs is a core element for their development. Methods: For a quick detection capability, a YOLO-based passenger detection model was built. The system comprises three infrared cameras: two are for compartment detection and the other is for number plate recognition. Multiple infrared illuminations with the same frequency as the cameras and laser sensors for vehicle detection and speed measurement are also employed. Results: The performance of the developed system is evaluated with real-world data collected on proving ground. As a result, it showed a passenger detection error of nine percent on average. The performances revealed no difference in vehicle speeds and the number of passengers according to ANOVA tests. Conclusion: Using the developed system, more efficient and safer HOV lane enforcement practices can be made.
Highlights
An automatic High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane enforcement system is developed and evaluated
The performances revealed no difference in vehicle speeds and the number of passengers according to analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests
No notable difference was identified from the ANOVA test, errors for six passengers showed higher than the other cases
Summary
An automatic High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane enforcement system is developed and evaluated. Vehicles with more than five passengers are permitted to use HOV lanes on freeways in Korea. Many countries operate High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes to increase passenger throughput by encouraging carpooling or the use of public transit. It curbs the use of passenger cars and results in overall delays on freeways being reduced. According to a report [1], HOV lanes in Korea increase the travel speed and passenger throughput by 29% and 4.5%, respectively. Approximately 180 lane-km of freeways are being operated as HOV lanes in Korea. Many European countries have HOV lanes in operation, enabling faster and more reliable trips than non-HOVs [3]
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