Abstract
In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the rainfall fluctuation with respect to spatial distribution in Salem district of Tamil Nadu through GIS Technique. To achieve the aim, rainfall variations during winter (Jan.&Feb.), summer (Mar. to May), southwest monsoon (Jun. to Sep.) and northeast monsoon (Oct. to Dec.) were analyzed for the period 1998 to 2007. These results were taken into GIS platform to prepare the spatial distribution maps. The spatial distribution maps of Southwest- and Northeast- monsoon season showed that 1775.65 Km2 and 430.48 Km 2 of the study area received above 400 mm of rainfall during the respective monsoon seasons. Annual average rainfall spatial distribution map for the years 1998-2007 revealed that 3808 Km 2 of the study area falls under less than 200 mm (poor category) of rainfall. It shows the annual average rainfall distribution is very low in the study area. The high rainfall domain occupies only 8.15 and 33.62% of the study area.
Highlights
The study of rainfall pattern is very important for the agricultural planning of any region
The winter season GIS map reveals that all locations are having less than 200 mm rainfall noticed in the study area and were classified as poor class category (Fig. 4)
Summer season GIS image reveals that spatially 4861.68 Km2 area falls in the poor class category and 420.58 Km2 area falls in the moderate class category (Fig. 5)
Summary
The study of rainfall pattern is very important for the agricultural planning of any region. Monsoon depressions and cyclonic storms are the most important synoptic scale disturbances which play a vital role in the space– time distribution of rainfall over India (Sikka, 1977). Water is the renewable resource and the per capita availability in India is fairly good. Present study area receives only two seasonal rains but sometimes the seasonal rainfall becomes inadequate. During such times the domestic, agricultural and industrial requirements are met by (Villholth, 2006; Holman, 2006). IWRM with respect to groundwater has two main objectives namely to provide water in sufficient quantity and quality equitably to different consumers and at the same time to maintain and guarantee a sustainable qualitative and quantitative status of the groundwater resource itself (Hiscock et al, 2002).
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